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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u83cc\u6ee4\u5668\u7684\u6781\u5c0f\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7ed3\u6784\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u4e22\u5f03\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u58c1\uff1b\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u90e8\u53ea\u6709\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u4e00\u7c7b\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u89c4\u6a21\u901a\u5e38\u572860\u4e07\u5230100\u4e07\u4e2a\u78b1\u57fa\u5bf9\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u5728\u571f\u58e4\u6216\u52a8\u7269\u4e0a\u76ae\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0a\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u751f\u6b96\u9053\u652f\u539f\u4f53\uff08Mycoplasma genitalium<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u4e0a\u57f9\u517b\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f51\u7edc\u6781\u7b80\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5197\u4f59\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\u7ef4\u6301\u7ec6\u83cc\u751f\u547d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u57fa\u56e0\u96c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u754c\u5b9a\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u4e13\u6027\u5bc4\u751f\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u7684\u8fb9\u7ebf\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u7ea658\u4e07\u5bf9\u78b1\u57fa\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u542b482\u4e2a\u86cb\u767d\u7f16\u7801\u57fa\u56e0\uff1b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u4e2d\u6709382\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u4e3a\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7f16\u7801\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u590d\u5236\u3001\u8f6c\u5f55\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u5408\u6210\u4e0e\u8fd0\u8f93\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u670928%\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u57fa\u56e0\u529f\u80fd\u672a\u77e5[2]<\/sup><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u56fe1 \u751f\u6b96\u9053\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u8be5\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e8e1981\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u6ccc\u5c3f\u751f\u6b96\u9053\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u9020\u6210\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u4e28\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aWikipedia<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee3\u8c22\uff1f\u5916\u5305\u4e86\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u538b\u7f29\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u8981\u653e\u5f03\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u751f\u6216\u5bc4\u751f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e86\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u8d1f\u8d23\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fdd\u7559\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u800c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4ee3\u8c22\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u53d7\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u7f29\u51cf\u3002\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u5c06\u4ee3\u8c22\u57fa\u56e0\u201c\u5916\u5305\u201d\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u5bbf\u4e3b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2025\u5e745\u6708\u4efd\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aSukunaarchaeum\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u53e4\u83cc\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7b80\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u7532\u85fb\uff08Citharistes\u00a0regius<\/em>\uff09\u5185\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5171\u751f\u83cc\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u53ea\u670923.8\u4e07\u78b1\u57fa\u5bf9[3]<\/sup><\/strong>\uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7eb3\u7c73\u53e4\u83cc\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u572850\u4e07\u78b1\u57fa\u5bf9\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u4f18\u5148\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u7e41\u6b96\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u4ee3\u8c22\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u83b7\u53d6\u8425\u517b\u6216\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u6781\u7aef\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u8fb9\u754c\u548c\u51c6\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u3002\u4f46\u62a5\u9053\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u201d\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bd4Sukunaarchaeum\u53e4\u83cc\u53d1\u73b0\u66f4\u65e9\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u56fe2\u00a0\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7532\u85fb\u00a0Citharistes\u00a0regius<\/em>\u00a0\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3aPhaeosome\u7684\u56ca\u72b6\u4f53\u8154\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bb9\u7eb3\u4e86\u5171\u751f\u84dd\u85fb\uff08\u6a59\u8272\u7ec6\u80de\uff09\u3001\u53e4\u83cc\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u3002\u4e28\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aTakuro Nakayama<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5403\u592a\u591a\u201c\u8f6f\u996d\u201d\u5bb9\u6613\u4e22\u5931\u722a\u7259\u3001\u9aa8\u5934\u7b49\u786c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5171\u751f\u6216\u5bc4\u751f\u9020\u6210\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4e22\u5931\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u3001\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u4e00\u65e6\u548c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e13\u6027\u5171\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u89c4\u6a21\u4f1a\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u6301\u7eed\u7f29\u51cf\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u79cd\u7fa4\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6bcd\u7cfb\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4f7f\u9057\u4f20\u6f02\u53d8\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u7a81\u53d8\u4e0d\u65ad\u79ef\u7d2f\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4e0e\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4ee3\u8c22\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5171\u540c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u65e9\u671f\u53ef\u79fb\u52a8\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u589e\u6b96\u3001\u5047\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u91cd\u6392\u4ee5\u53ca\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5171\u751f\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u53ef\u79fb\u52a8\u5143\u4ef6\u548c\u5047\u57fa\u56e0\u88ab\u6e05\u9664\u6389\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7f29\u51cf\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff1a\u4ec5\u8d1f\u8d23\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u5171\u751f\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559[4]<\/sup><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u201c\u7cbe\u5c0f\u201d\u7684\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6606\u866b\u4e2d\u3002\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u548c\u6606\u866b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e38\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u5171\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e3a\u6606\u866b\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8425\u517b\uff0c\u800c\u6606\u866b\u5219\u4e3a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u6816\u8eab\u4e4b\u6240\u3002\u4ee5\u8749\u4e0e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5171\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8749\u4ee5\u6811\u7684\u6c41\u6db2\u4e3a\u98df\uff0c\u591a\u7cd6\u5c11\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u53ef\u4e3a\u8749\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u9700\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u2014\u2014\u7ec4\u6c28\u9178\u548c\u86cb\u6c28\u9178\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u8749\u5728\u5176\u8179\u8154\u5185\u4e3a\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u83cc\u5668\u201d\uff08Bacteriome\uff09\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c45\u4f4f\u573a\u6240\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5171\u751f\u4f53\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u5728\u4ee3\u8c22\u4e0a\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u5c11\u6570\u57fa\u56e0\u53c2\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u8c22\u8fc7\u7a0b[5]<\/sup><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u4e2d\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u5c5e2013\u5e74\u5728\u53f6\u8749\u4f53\u5185\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b80\u5316\uff1aSulcia\u00a0muelleri\u00a0<\/em>\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7ea6\u4e3a19\u4e07\u78b1\u57fa\u5bf9\uff0cNasuiade ltocephalinicola\u00a0<\/em>\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7ea6\u4e3a11.2\u4e07\u78b1\u57fa\u5bf9\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u53ea\u6709\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u76842.5%\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u4ec5\u5305\u542b137\u4e2a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7f16\u7801\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u53ea\u80fd\u5408\u621010\u79cd\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u901a\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u78f7\u9178\u5316\u5408\u6210ATP\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u4e0eDNA\u590d\u5236\u3001\u8f6c\u5f55\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5176\u4f59\u751f\u6d3b\u5fc5\u9700\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u4ee5\u53caATP\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u9760\u5bbf\u4e3b\u8865\u9f50\u3002\u8fd9\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u201c\u7834\u70c2\u5144\u5f1f\u201d\u5408\u4f5c\u6848\u4f8b[6, 7]<\/sup><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u56fe3 \u4e1c\u65b9\u53f6\u8749\uff08M. dorsalis<\/em>\uff1b \u56feA\uff09\uff0c\u50a8\u5b58\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u201c\u83cc\u5668\u201d\uff08Bacteriome\uff1b\u56feB\uff09\uff0c\u83cc\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u82cf\u6c0f\u83cc\u5c5e\uff08Sulcia<\/em>\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u8367\u5149\uff09\u548c\u7eb3\u6c0f\u83cc\u5c5e\uff08Nasuia<\/em>\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u8367\u5149\uff09\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff08\u56feC-F\uff09\u53ca\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u955c\u56fe\uff08\u56feG\uff09\u3002\u4e28\u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[8]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8eba\u5e73\u7684\u5c3d\u5934\uff1a\u88ab\u6536\u7f16<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5185\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7f29\u51cf\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u5bbf\u4e3b\u6536\u5165\u201c\u7f16\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u6325\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u201c\u5668\u5b98\u201d\u3002\u636e\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u03b1-\u53d8\u5f62\u83cc\uff0c\u4e3a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u63d0\u4f9b\u547c\u5438\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u9ad8\u6548ATP\u5408\u6210\u7684\u573a\u6240\uff1b\u53f6\u7eff\u4f53\u5219\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u66fe\u7ecf\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u84dd\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u5bbf\u4e3b\u83b7\u5f97\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ece\u5185\u5171\u751f\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u8fdb\u5316\u538b\u529b\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7f29\u51cf\u3002\u4f46\u4e0e\u6606\u866b\u4f53\u5185\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u91cd\u70b9\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u5176\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u57fa\u56e0\u88ab\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7ec6\u80de\u6240\u63a5\u7ba1\u3002\u5728\u5185\u5171\u751f\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u91cf\u5411\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u5e8f\u5217\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u9776\u5411\u5bfc\u5165\u673a\u5236\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7f29\u51cf\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u80de\u5185\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u65e0\u9700\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u529f\u80fd\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6838\u6765\u6e90\u7684\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u590d\u5236\u3001\u8f6c\u5f55\u3001\u5206\u88c2\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u52a8\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7f29\u51cf\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u9057\u4f20\u3001\u751f\u5316\u6216\u4ee3\u8c22\u5c42\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u5173\u8054[9, 10]<\/sup><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f9d\u7136\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8c46\u79d1\u690d\u7269\u6839\u7624\u83cc\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u201c\u5171\u751f\u4f53\u201d\uff08Symbiosome<\/em>\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6df1\u6d77\u7ba1\u866b\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u5316\u80fd\u81ea\u517b\u7ec6\u83cc\u7b49\uff08\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6df1\u6d77\u70ed\u6cc9\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e1d\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5149\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u65e0\u673a\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u5408\u6210\u6709\u673a\u7269\uff1b\u7ba1\u866b\u5219\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u751f\u83cc\u5408\u6210\u7684\u6709\u673a\u7269\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u80fd\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7531\u5171\u751f\u4f53\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8c31\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3a\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u98de\u8dc3\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4ec5\u7f16\u7801\u5c11\u6570\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e00\u57fa\u56e0\u96c6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u7f29\u51cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u4e2d\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a1.66\u4e07\u5bf9\u78b1\u57fa\uff0c\u5305\u542b37\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u53c2\u4e0e\u6c27\u5316\u78f7\u9178\u5316\u5408\u6210ATP\uff1b\u6076\u6027\u759f\u539f\u866b\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u7ea6\u4e3a6000\u5bf9\u78b1\u57fa\uff0c\u5305\u542b3\u4e2a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7f16\u7801\u57fa\u56e0\u548c\u51e0\u4e2arRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u67d0\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u5df2\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u6c22\u5316\u9176\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u76f8\u5173\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\uff08mitochondria-related organelles, MROs\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u56e0[11]<\/sup><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u56fe4 \u5bc4\u751f\u3001\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u3002\u5bc4\u751f\u4e0e\u5171\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bc4\u751f\u83cc\u5bf9\u5bbf\u4e3b\u6709\u5bb3\uff0c\u800c\u5171\u751f\u83cc\u53ef\u7ed9\u5bf9\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5747\u672a\u4e27\u5931\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u5185\u5171\u751f\u83cc\uff0c\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u3002\u4e28\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aGemini\u8f85\u52a9\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u5e95\u76d8\u7ec6\u80de\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u73b0\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u56fe5 \u4eba\u5de5\u201c\u6781\u7b80\u201d\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u601d\u8def\u4e28\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aGemini\u8f85\u52a9\u751f\u6210J. Craig Venter <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08JCVI\uff09\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u540d\u4e3a\u201cSynthia\u201d\uff08\u8f9b\u897f\u5a05\uff09\u7684\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7814\u53d1\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u7b80\u5316\u5230\u4ec5\u5269\u5fc5\u9700\u7ec4\u5206\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e86\u89e3\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u30022010\u5e74\uff0cJCVI\u7684\u514b\u96f7\u683c\u00b7\u6587\u7279\u5c14\uff08Craig Venter\uff09\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u725b\u652f\u539f\u4f53\uff08M. mycoides<\/em>\uff09\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u6539\u826f\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u5df2\u53bb\u9664DNA\u7684\u5c71\u7f8a\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\uff0c<\/em>\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80deJCVI-syn1.0\uff0c\u6216\u7b80\u79f0\u8f9b\u897f\u5a05\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u89c4\u6a21\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ecJCVI-syn3.0\u7b49\u7248\u672c\u76f8\u7ee7\u95ee\u4e16\u30022018\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u8983\u91cd\u519b\u56e2\u961f\u4e5f\u6210\u529f\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u542b\u6709\u5355\u6761\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u771f\u6838\u917f\u9152\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u9996\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7b80\u7ea6\u771f\u6838\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] J.I. Glass, N. Assad-Garcia, N. Alperovich, S. Yooseph, M.R. Lewis, M. Maruf, C.A. Hutchison, H.O. Smith, & J.C. Venter, Essential genes of a minimal bacterium, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (2) 425-430, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0510013103 (2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-cell-so-minimal-that-it-challenges-definitions-of-life-20251124\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] Latorre A, Manzano-Mar\u00edn A. Dissecting genome reduction and trait loss in insect endosymbionts. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2017 Feb;1389(1):52-75. doi: 10.1111\/nyas.13222. Epub 2016 Oct 10. PMID: 27723934.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4] https:\/\/microbialmenagerie.com\/how-a-cicada-endosymionts-chromosome-got-split-into-many-fragments\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5] https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minimal_genome<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6] Bennett GM, Moran NA. Small, smaller, smallest: the origins and evolution of ancient dual symbioses in a Phloem-feeding insect. Genome Biol Evol. 2013;5(9):1675-88. doi: 10.1093\/gbe\/evt118. PMID: 23918810; PMCID: PMC3787670.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7] Wu W, Lei J-N, Mao Q, Tian Y-Z, Shan H-W, Chen J-P. Distribution, Vertical Transmission, and Cooperative Mechanisms of Obligate Symbiotic Bacteria in the Leafhopper Maiestas dorsalis (Hemiptera, Cicadellidea). Insects. 2023; 14(8):710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/insects14080710<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8] https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Symbiogenesis&oldid=1328070367<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9] Latorre A, Manzano-Mar\u00edn A. Dissecting genome reduction and trait loss in insect endosymbionts. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2017 Feb;1389(1):52-75. doi: 10.1111\/nyas.13222. Epub 2016 Oct 10. PMID: 27723934.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10] https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minimal_genome<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
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